基于共价有机框架的仿生光动力学治疗试剂的构建

共价有机框架（COF）是一类新兴的多孔有机聚合物，因其具有较大的比表面积、有序的孔道结构以及良好的生物相容性，已成为具有潜力的纳米药物载体.制备了基于COF纳米颗粒的仿生纳米复合物，负载光敏剂孟加拉玫瑰红（RB），并包裹癌细胞膜（CMV）对该复合物进行仿生修饰.结果表明：制备的COF/RB@CMV纳米复合物具有良好的生物兼容性，能够被肿瘤细胞有效摄取，并在光照激活条件下产生对细胞具有高毒性的活性氧化物（ROS），进而起到了杀伤肿瘤细胞的作用.提出了一种新的基于COF的仿生纳米平台用作光动力学治疗（PDT）试剂.     

枯草芽孢杆菌XF-1的碳水化合物活性酶类(CAZymes)蛋白预测与遗传关系分析

枯草芽孢杆菌XF-1对多种植物病原菌具有较好的抑制作用,是农业生产上非常重要的生防菌之一.碳水化合物活性酶类蛋白(CAZymes)作为植物病原真菌、细菌中重要的蛋白,在其生长和发育过程中发挥着重要作用.基于前期获得的枯草芽孢杆菌XF-1中104个分泌蛋白基本序列信息,利用CAT预测程序对该菌中的CAZymes蛋白进行预测分析,明确其含有CAZymes蛋白的数量是58个,上述蛋白可以分为主要类别和复合类别两大类,前者包括26个GHs、21个CBMs以及2个CEs、3个PLs、2个GTs;后者则包括4个复合蛋白类型GH/CBM.该研究有效地实现了枯草芽孢杆菌XF-1中CAZymes的预测,为进一步开展其功能研究打下坚实的理论基础.     

自发光转录激活子样效应因子的功能分析

目的:对转录激活子样效应因子(TALE)蛋白进行特异性标记.方法:通过分子生物学技术,在TALE蛋白的C-端融合了一种具有优异光学性能的萤光素酶.结果:融合蛋白不仅可对目的 DNA进行特异性识别,还可产生萤光素酶的特征光谱.结论:萤光素酶的融合不影响TALE蛋白的正常功能,其光谱信息有望成为分析TALE蛋白与DNA相互作用的特异性检测信号.     

Curcin和curcin C与腺嘌呤互作位点的比较分析

麻疯树核糖体失活蛋白curcin和curcin C均具有抗肿瘤活性，但后者的活性水平显著高于前者，为了探索造成这一差异的结构基础，本文采用在线的同源建模预测软件SWISSMODEL，对两种麻疯树核糖体失活蛋白curcin、curcin C的三维结构模型进行预测，采用SYBYL对预测模型进行能量最小化优化，采用PROCHECK、VERIFY 3D和ERRAT软件对优化前后的模型进行质量评估，随后采用AutoDock软件将预测的模型与腺嘌呤进行分子对接分析.结果显示，两种蛋白采用与Ricin A类似的方式与腺嘌呤相互作用，但在相互作用的氨基酸残基种类、数量以及形成的氢键和疏水相互作用上还是存在差异，其中，curcin C与腺嘌呤具有最强的结合能力，curcin则最低.     

高性能膜分离材料、膜过程强化关键技术及装备的研制与应用

针对影响和制约膜分离技术大规模推广应用的关键材料与技术瓶颈,中国科学院过程工程研究所"生化工程介质与设备"创新团队经过多年自主创新,在高性能分离膜材料、膜过程强化关键技术和高效膜分离装备等方面取得了系列科研成果,部分成果在调味品、水处理、中药等行业实现了产业化应用,创造了显著的经济效益和社会效益,为提高我国膜工业研发与应用水平,缩短我国膜分离行业与国外先进水平之间的差距,促进膜分离技术的大规模工业化应用做出了贡献。     

Key technologies for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell systems fueled impure hydrogen

Hydrogen energy and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells become concerned issues in recent years. Nevertheless, the construction of hydrogen refueling infrastructure and hydrogen storage and transportation constrains the commercial development of fuel cells. In this review, sources, production, storage, transportation, and purification methods of hydrogen are extensively reviewed and compared. The advantages of utilizing industrial by-product hydrogen and steam reforming gas in PEM fuel cell systems are analyzed. Using industrial wasted hydrogen can significantly reduce the cost of hydrogen. Also, it is indicated that the onboard hydrogen generation by steam methanol reforming can solve the difficulties of efficient storage and transportation of gaseous hydrogen, which means that methanol has great potential to be a convenient carrier of hydrogen. The effects of impurities contained in the reformate gas are generally introduced. After the methanol steam reforming and pretreatment purification processes, the reformate gas can be fed to PEM fuel cells. Thus, a fuel cell system integrated with onboard hydrogen production and impure hydrogen treatment subsystems is introduced, and key technologies therein for pretreatment purification and in-situ poisoning mitigation methods are reviewed. Finally, suggestions are proposed for further studies.     

Janus few layered graphene with asymmetric wettability as anti-flooding cathode supports in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Water balance in cathode catalyst layer (CCL) is crucial for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, we report a novel strategy to develop a Janus few layered graphene particles (FLGP) with asymmetric wettability by varying the carbon precursors in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process. Using the Janus FLGP supported Pt with asymmetric wettability as the cathode of a PEMFC, a peak power density of 632 mW cm⁻² was achieved, which was about two-folds of the hydrophobic FLGP and three-folds of hydrophilic FLGP based cathode, respectively. The enhanced performance could be ascribed to the well-constructed three-phase boundary in an anti-flooding cathode, leading to enlarged electrochemical active surface area and facilitated mass transfer. This work may provide new clues for improving water management in PEMFCs.     

响应面法优化谷氨酰胺转氨酶交联大豆分离蛋白的工艺

研究了关于谷氨酰胺转氨酶(TGase)对于大豆分离蛋白(SPI)交联的影响;以凝胶强度为考察指标,采用响应曲面法(RSM)考察TGase含量,酶反应时间,酶作用温度对SPI凝胶性能影响规律,并优化得到最佳工艺参数;实验结果表明,酶的加入量,温度对大豆分离蛋白的凝胶强度有显著影响(p0. 05),得到蛋白凝胶性能最佳的工艺,在酶含量3. 63%,酶作用温度38. 15℃,酶反应时间2. 04 h时蛋白凝胶的凝胶强度达到极值301. 8;研究表明:TGase能够促进大豆分离蛋白形成良好的凝胶。     

大鼠鞘内给药方法比较及改进

目的通过实验对比研究,介绍一种损伤少、稳定可靠、可持续性给药的鞘内给药方法。方法大鼠72只随机分为6组:4组手术处理组(经枕寰膜置管组、经枕寰膜置管+微型渗透泵组、经腰椎椎间孔置管组、经腰椎椎间孔置管+微型渗透泵组)和2组假手术对照组(经枕寰膜置管假手术组、经腰椎椎间孔置管假手术组)。置管组导管游离端固定于皮肤。观察术后大鼠体质量、致瘫、致死、脱管等一般状态,同时检测手术前后转棒持续时间、机械刺激缩足反射阈值及热刺激缩足反射潜伏期行为学变化。结果经枕寰膜置管大鼠近50%致死、致瘫、一般状态不良(体质量严重下降、口鼻炎性分泌物)。经枕寰膜置管+微型渗透泵组大鼠情况类似。经腰椎椎间孔置管组大鼠未见致死、致瘫及体质量下降,但1/3发生脱管。腰椎椎间孔置管+微型渗透泵组大鼠未见致死、致瘫及体质量下降,全部未脱管。经枕寰膜置管可致大鼠转棒运动能力显著低于术前和对照组,其热刺激缩足反射潜伏期和机械刺激缩足反射阈值均显著低于术前和对照组。经腰椎椎间孔置管对大鼠转棒运动能力和基础痛阈均无明显影响,与对照组和术前自身比较差异均无显著性。结论经腰椎椎间孔置管结合微型渗透泵方法是鞘内给药损伤少、稳定可靠的最佳方法。     

A new microfiltration membrane with three-dimensional reticular architecture for Nano-pollutants removal from wastewater

This research provides a new insight into designing next-generation filtration materials for Nano-pollutants removal from wastewater, and potentially for gas/solid or liquid/solid separation in corrosive environment. Considering the high corrosion and oxidation resistance, Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous alloy was prepared by powder metallurgy and used as a mechanical support with a pore size of around 10 ?μm. Subsequently, metallic Zn nanoparticles was coated on the Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous framework by means of chemical vapor deposition, obtaining a novel microfiltration membrane with three-dimensional reticular architecture. Furthermore, the influence of Zn coating on surface morphology, pore feature, and filtration capability of Ti–40Al–10Nb–10Cr porous alloy was investigated. It is of note that the as-prepared microfiltration membrane exhibits an excellent Nano-pollutants filtration efficiency of greater than 99.989% from wastewater. Most importantly, such a three-dimensional reticular architecture provides excellent structural stability, allowing the reutilization of the microfiltration membrane for at least 200 filtration cycles of wastewater treatment.